भारत के संविधान में महत्वपूर्ण अनुच्छेद 2022

Parts of the constitution
articles 

Articles and Definition 

 Subjects of the parts

Part I

•  Article 1- Name and
  territory of the union
• Article 2- Admission and
  establishment of the new state.
•  Article 3- Formation of
  new states and alteration of areas, boundaries, and names of existing
  states.

Union Territories

Part II

• Article 5 – Citizenship at
  the commencement of the constitution
•  Article 6 – Rights of
  citizenship of a certain person who has migrated to India from Pakistan
• Article 10 – Continuance of
  rights of citizenship
• Article 11 – Parliament to
  regulate the right of citizenship by law

Citizenship

Part III

• Article 12 – Definition of
  the state
• Article 13 – Laws
  inconsistent with or in derogation of the fundamental rights
• Article 14 – Equality before
  the law.
• Article 15 – Prohibition of
  discrimination on the grounds of religion, race, caste, sex, or place of
  birth.
• Article 16 – Equality of
  opportunity in matters of public employment.
• Article 17 – Abolition of the
  untouchability.
•  Article 18 – Abolition
  of titles.
•  Article 19 – Guarantees
  to all the citizens the six rights and they are:

a
– Freedom of speech and expression.

b
– Freedom to assemble peaceably and without arms.

c
– Freedom to form associations or unions.

d
– Freedom to move freely throughout the territory of India.

e
– Freedom to reside and settle in any part of the territory of India.

f
– Omitted

g
– Freedom to practice any profession, or to carry on any occupation, trade,
or business.

• Article 20 – Protection in
  respect of conviction for offenses.
• Article 21 – Protection of
  life and personal liberty.
• Article 22 – Protection
  against arrest and detention in certain cases
• Article 23 – Prohibition of
  traffic in human beings and forced labor.
• Article 24 – Prohibition of
  employment of children (Under the age of 14) in factories and mines.
• Article 25 – Freedom of
  conscience and free profession, practice, and propagation of religion.
•  Article 26 – Freedom to
  manage religious affairs.
• Article 27 – Freedom as to
  pay taxes for the promotion of any particular religion.
• Article 28 – Freedom from
  attending religious instruction.
• Article 29 – Protection of
  interest of minorities.
• Article 30 – Right of
  minorities to establish and administer educational institutions.
• Article 32 – Remedies for
  enforcement of Fundamental Rights.

Fundamental rights

Part IV

• Article 36 – Definition
• Article 37– Application of
  DPSP
•  Article 39A – Equal
  justice and free legal aid
• Article 40 – Organization of
  a village panchayat
• Article 41 – Right to work,
  education, and public assistance in certain cases
•  Article 43 – Living
  Wages, etc. for workers.
• Article 43A – Participation
  of workers in the management of industries.
• Article 44 – Uniform civil
  code.
• Article 45 – Provision for
  free and compulsory education for children.
• Article 46 – Promotion of
  educational and economic interest of scheduled castes (SC), scheduled
  tribes (ST), and OBC.
•  Article 47– Duty of the
  state to raise the level of nutrition and the standard of living and to
  improve public health.
• Article 48 – Organization of
  agriculture and animal husbandry.
• Article 49 – Protection of
  monuments and places and objects of natural importance.
•  Article 50 – Separation
  of judiciary from the executive.
• Article 51 – Promotion of
  international peace and security.

Directive Principles

Part IV A

It
shall be the duty of every citizen of India

(a)
to abide by the Constitution and respect its ideals and institutions, the
National Flag and the National Anthem;

(b)
to cherish and follow the noble ideals which inspired our national struggle
for freedom;

(c)
to uphold and protect the sovereignty, unity, and integrity of India;

(d)
to defend the country and render national service when called upon to do so;

(e)
to promote harmony and the spirit of common brotherhood amongst all the
people of India transcending religious, linguistic, and regional or sectional
diversities; to renounce practices derogatory to the dignity of women;

(f)
to value and preserve the rich heritage of our composite culture;

(g)
to protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes,
rivers, and wildlife, and to have compassion for living creatures;

(h)
to develop the scientific temper, humanism, and the spirit of inquiry and reform;

(i)
to safeguard public property and to abjure violence;

(j)
to strive towards excellence in all spheres of individual and collective
activity so that the nation constantly rises to higher levels of endeavor and
achievement

Fundamental Duties

Part V

•  Article 52 – The
  President of India
•  Article 53 – Executive
  Power of the union
• Article 54 – Election of
  President
•   Article 61 – Procedure
  for Impeachment of the President
•  Article 63 – The
  Vice–president of India
• Article 64 – The
  Vice–President to be ex–officio chairman of n the council of States
• Article 66 – Election of
  Vice–president
• Article 72 – Pardoning powers
  of President
• Article 74 – Council of
  ministers to aid and advise President
• Article 76 – Attorney–General
  for India
• Article 79 – Constitution of
  Parliament
• Article 80 – Composition of
  Rajya Sabha
• Article 81 – Composition of
  Lok Sabha
• Article 83 – Duration of
  Houses of Parliament
• Article 93 – The speakers and
  Deputy speakers of the house of the people
• Article 105 – Powers,
  Privileges, etc. of the House of Parliament
• Article 109 – Special
  procedure concerning money bills
• Article 110 – Definition of
  “Money Bills”
• Article 112 – Annual
  Financial Budget
• Article 114 –Appropriation
  Bills
• Article 123 – Powers of the
  President to promulgate Ordinances during recess of parliament
• Article 124 – Establishment
  of Supreme Court
• Article 125 – Salaries of
  Judges
• Article 126 – Appointment of
  acting Chief justice
• Article 127 – Appointment of
  ad–hoc judges
• Article 128 –Attendance of
  retired judge at sitting of the Supreme Court
• Article 129 – Supreme Court
  to be a court of Record
• Article 130 – Seat of the
  Supreme Court
• Article 136 – Special leaves
  for an appeal to the Supreme Court
• Article 137 – Review of judgment
  or orders by the Supreme Court
• Article 141 – Decision of the
  Supreme Court of India binding on all the courts
• Article 148 – Comptroller and
  Auditor– General of India
• Article 149 – Duties and
  Powers of CAG

union

Part VI

• Article 153 – Governors of
  State
• Article 154 – Executive
  Powers of Governor
• Article 161 – Pardoning
  powers of the Governor
• Article 165 –
  Advocate–General of the State
• Article 213 – Power of
  Governor to promulgate ordinances
• Article 214 – High Courts for
  states
• Article 215 – High Courts to
  be a court of record
• Article 226 – Power of High
  Courts to issue certain writs
• Article 233 – Appointment of
  District judges
• Article 235 – Control over
  Subordinate Courts

States

Part VII

7^th Amendment Act

–

Part VIII

• Article 239 – Administration
  of Union territories.
• Article 239A – Creation of
  local Legislatures or Council of Ministers or both for certain Union
  territories.
• Article 239AA – Special
  provisions concerning Delhi.
• Article 239AB – Provision in
  case of failure of constitutional machinery.
• Article 239B – Power of
  administrator to promulgate Ordinances during recess of Legislature.
• Article 240 – Power of
  President to make regulations for certain Union territories.
• Article 241 – High Courts for
  Union territories.
• Article 242 – Coorg

Union Territories

Part IX

• Article 243A – Gram Sabha
• Article 243B – Constitution
  of Panchayats

Panchayats

Part IX-A

•  Article 243P –
  Definitions.
• Article 243Q – Constitution
  of Municipalities.
• Article 243R – Composition of
  Municipalities.
• Article 243S – Constitution
  and composition of Wards Committees, etc.
• Article 243T – Reservation of
  seats.
• Article 243U – Duration of
  Municipalities, etc.
• Article 243V
  -Disqualifications for membership.
• Article 243W – Powers,
  authority, and responsibilities of Municipalities, etc.
• Article 243X – Power to
  impose taxes by, and Funds of, the Municipalities.
• Article 243Y – Finance
  Commission.
• Article 243Z – Audit of accounts
  of Municipalities.
• Article 243ZA – Elections to
  the Municipalities.
• Article 243ZB – Application
  to Union territories.
• Article 243ZC – Part not to
  apply to certain areas.
• Article 243ZD – Committee for
  district planning.
• Article 243ZE – Committee for
  Metropolitan planning.
• Article 243ZF – Continuance
  of existing laws and Municipalities.
• Article 243ZG – Bar to
  interference by courts in electoral matters.

Municipalities

Part IX B

• Article 243ZH – Definitions.
• Article 243ZI – Incorporation
  of co-operative societies.
• Article 243ZJ – Number and
  term of members of the board and its office bearers.
• Article 243ZK – Election of
  members of the board.
• Article 243ZL – Supersession
  and suspension of the board and interim management.
• Article 243ZM – Audit of
  accounts of co-operative societies.
• Article 243ZN – Convening of
  general body meetings.
• Article 243ZO – Right of a
  member to get information.
• Article 243ZP – Returns.
• Article 243ZQ – Offences and
  penalties.
• Article 243ZR – Application
  to multi-State co-operative societies.
• Article 243ZS – Application
  to Union territories.
• Article 243ZT – Continuance
  of existing laws.

Co-operative Societies

Part X

• Article 244- Administration
  of Scheduled Areas and Tribal Areas

Scheduled Tribe areas

Part XI

•  Article 245 – Extent of
  laws made by Parliament and by the Legislatures of States.
• Article 246 – Subject-matter
  of laws made by Parliament and by the Legislatures of States.
• Article 246A – Special
  provision concerning goods and services tax.
• Article 247 – Power of
  Parliament to provide for the establishment of certain additional
  courts.
• Article 248 – Residuary
  powers of legislation.
• Article 249 – Power of
  Parliament to legislate concerning a matter in the State List in the national
  interest.
• Article 250 – Power of
  Parliament to legislate concerning any matter in the State List if a
  Proclamation of Emergency is in operation.
• Article 251 – Inconsistency
  between laws made by Parliament under articles 249 and 250 and laws made
  by the Legislatures of States.
• Article 252 – Power of
  Parliament to legislate for two or more States by consent and adoption
  of such legislation by any other State.
• Article 253 – Legislation for
  giving effect to international agreements.
• Article 254 – Inconsistency
  between laws made by Parliament and laws made by the Legislatures of
  States.
• Article 255 – Requirements as
  to recommendations and previous sanctions to be regarded as matters of
  procedure only.
• Article 256 – Obligation of
  States and the Union.
• Article 257 – Control of the
  Union over States in certain cases.
• Article 257A – Assistance to
  States by the deployment of armed forces or other forces of the Union.
• Article 258 – Power of the
  Union to confer powers, etc., on States in certain cases.
• Article 258A – Power of the
  States to entrust functions to the Union.
• Article 259 – Armed Forces in
  States in Part B of the First Schedule.
• Article 260 – Jurisdiction of
  the Union about territories outside India.
• Article 261 – Public acts,
  records, and judicial proceedings.
• Article 262 – Adjudication of
  disputes relating to waters of inter-State rivers or river valleys.
• Article 263 – Provisions
  concerning an inter-State Council.

Relation of Union and states

Part XII

•  Article 266 –
  Consolidated Fund and Public Accounts Fund
• Article 267 – Contingency
  Fund of India
• Article 280 – Finance
  Commission
• Article 300 A – Right to
  property

Properties, finance, suits, and
contracts

Part XIII

•  Article 301 – Freedom
  to trade, commerce, and intercourse
• Article 302 – Power of
  Parliament to impose restrictions on trade, commerce, and intercourse.

Trade, commerce, and communication
between the territories of India

Part XIV

• Article 312 – All–
  India–Service

·       
Article 315 – Public service commissions for the union and the states

•  Article 320 – Functions
  of Public Service Commission

Services under the union and
states

Part XIV A

• Article 323A – Administrative
  Tribunals

Tribunals

Part XV

• Article 324 – Superintendence,
  direction, and control of Elections to be vested in an Election
  Commission
• Article 325 – No person to be
  ineligible for inclusion in or to claim to be included in a special,
  electoral roll on grounds of religion, race, caste, or sex
•  Article 326 – Elections
  to the house of the people and the legislative assemblies of states to
  be based on adult suffrage

Elections

Part XVI

•  Article 338 – National
  Commission for the SC & ST
•  Article 340 –
  Appointment of a commission to investigate the conditions of backward
  classes special

Special provisions for certain
classes

Part XVII

• Article 343 – Official
  languages of the Union
•  Article 345 – Official
  languages or languages of a state
• Article 348 – Languages to be
  used in the Supreme Court and the High Courts
• Article 351 – Directive for
  development of the Hindi languages

Languages

Part XVIII

•  Article 352 –
  Proclamation of emergency (National Emergency)
•  Article 356 – State
  Emergency (President’s Rule)
• Article 360 – Financial
  Emergency

Emergency Provisions

Part IX

• Article 361 – Protection of
  President and Governors

Miscellaneous

Part XX

• Article 368 – Powers of
  Parliaments to amend the constitution amendment

Amendment of constitution

Part XXI

•  Article 370 – Temporary
  Provision for the erstwhile State of J&K
• Article 371 A – Special
  provision concerning the State of Nagaland
• Article 371 J – Special
  Status for Hyderabad–Karnataka region

Temporary and special provision

Part XXII

•  Article 393 –This
  Constitution may be called the Constitution of India

Commencement, Authoritative text
in Hindi